Bengaluru: With diabetes, hypertension, and lifestyle factors on the rise, kidney disease is becoming increasingly common in Bengaluru. Ahead of World Kidney Day, nephrologists explain the common conditions, key warning signs, and steps to keep your kidneys healthyCommon kidney issuesChronic kidney disease (CKD) – Largely driven by the high prevalence of diabetes and hypertensionKidney stones (Nephrolithiasis) – Caused by hard water supply, a warm climate, and dehydrationUrinary tract infections (UTIs) with renal involvement – Often linked to poor hydration, sedentary urban lifestyles, and sanitation gapsDiabetic nephropathy – Kidney damage caused by long-standing diabetesHypertensive nephrosclerosis – Caused by sustained high blood pressure, which gradually scars kidney tissue.Usual causes Diabetes: The most common cause of kidney disease. Even with the best care, it can progressively worsen. It is characterised by protein in the urine and a decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which measures how well the kidneys filter blood.Uncontrolled hypertension: Kidney disease usually progresses slowly at first but can accelerate if blood pressure is not controlledOveruse of painkillers or over-the-counter medications: Prolonged use, especially in the elderly, diabetics, or those with existing kidney disease, can lead to permanent kidney damage and, in severe cases, may even cause the kidneys to shrinkHeat: Studies from high-temperature areas such as north Karnataka show that prolonged exposure to heat, especially among manual labourers working outdoors or in mines, can lead to kidney damageWarning signs to look out forPersistent fatigue and low energySwelling in the legs, feet, or around the eyesNoticeable changes in urination patternsFoamy, bubbly, or bloody urinePersistent pain in the lower back or sidesLoss of appetite, nausea, or a metallic taste in the mouth Steps to prevent kidney issuesStay well hydratedMonitor blood pressure and blood sugar levels regularlyUse medications carefully and only under medical supervisionMaintain a healthy diet with less salt and processed foods, and include more fruit and vegetablesMaintain a healthy weight and an active lifestyle– Text by Jahnavi TR Sources: Dr Manjunath S, senior consultant, nephrology, Fortis Hospitals; Dr Vishwanath S, HOD & consultant, nephrology, and transplant physician, Manipal Hospital; Dr Kristin George, consultant, nephrologist & renal transplant, Aster Whitefield Hospital; Dr Kishan A, consultant, nephrology, Aster CMI Hospital
